1. In 1091, the Battle of Monte Levunium took place. Byzantine Emperor Alexius I defeated the Pecheneg forces invading from the north.

2. In 1351, the Yuan government ordered the excavation of the old course of the Yellow River.

3. In 1429, Joan of Arc arrived in Orleans and began to lift the siege of Orleans.

4. In 1522, Emperor Charles V appointed Frans van Holly as the Inquisitor - General of the Netherlands.

5. In 1540, Emperor Charles declared all privileges of Ghent ended.

6. In 1550, Emperor Charles V gave inquisitors additional authority.

7. In 1553, a Flemish woman introduced the practice of starching linen into England.

8. In 1587, English naval officer Francis Drake sailed into Cadiz, Spain, and sank the Spanish fleet, delaying the Spanish invasion by a year.

9. In 1623, 11 Dutch ships departed for the conquest of Peru.

10. In 1628, Sweden and Denmark signed a defense treaty against the Duke of Wallenstein.

11. In 1636, Prince Frederick Henry occupied the Schenkenschans fortress after a nine - month siege during the Dutch Revolt.

12. In 1648, the 18 - day Battle of Zhovti Vody in Ukraine began. Polish King John II Casimir was eventually defeated by the Cossacks.

13. In 1661, the Ming Dynasty of China occupied Taiwan.

14. In 1670, Clemens X (Emilio Bonaventura Altieri) was elected Pope.

15. In 1672, the Franco - Dutch War broke out. Louis XIV of France invaded the Netherlands.

16. In 1701, Drenthe, Netherlands, adopted the Gregorian calendar.

17. In 1706, Emperor Jozef I became the monarch of Cologne and Bavaria.

18. In 1707, the English and Scottish parliaments accepted the Act of Union, creating the United Kingdom of Great Britain.

19. In 1715, English astronomer John Flamsteed observed Uranus for the 6th time.

20. In 1751, the New York Gazette and Post Boy carried the first public report of a cricket match played in America.

21. In 1769, Scottish engineer James Watt's patent for a steam engine with a separate condenser was enrolled.

22. In 1781, the French fleet occupied Tobago during the American War of Independence.

23. In 1781, the French fleet stopped the British from seizing the Cape of Good Hope.

24. In 1784, Mozart's "Violin Sonata No. 32" premiered in Vienna.

25. In 1793, the cornerstone was laid for Groningen's new town hall in the Netherlands.

26. In 1813, the first US rubber patent was granted to Jacob F. Hummel.

27. In 1834, Charles Darwin's expedition saw the top of the Andes Mountains from Patagonia.

28. In 1845, Macon B. Allen and Robert Morris Jr. were the first African - Americans to open a law practice in the US.

29. In 1852, the first edition of Peter Roget's Thesaurus was published in Great Britain.

30. In 1853, Comet C/1853 G1 (Schweizer) approached within 0.0839 AU of Earth.

31. In 1854, the Ashmun Institute (later Lincoln University) received its charter from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, becoming the first degree - granting black college in the US.

32. In 1857, the US Army, Pacific Div HQ permanently formed at the Presidio (San Francisco).

33. In 1861, Maryland's House of Delegates voted against seceding from the Union (US Civil War).

34. In 1862, 100,000 federal troops prepared to march into Corinth, Mississippi.

35. In 1863, the Battle of Grand Gulf, Mississippi took place. Union navy ironclad warships attacked Confederate fortifications.

36. In 1864, the Battle of Gate Pa (Pukehina Hina) took place in New Zealand.

37. In 1864, the Theta Xi fraternity was founded at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, New York.

38. In 1882, the "Elektromote", the forerunner of the trolleybus, was tested by Werner von Siemens in Berlin.

39. In 1886, the first public Dutch electricity service began.

40. In 1888, Henry Morton Stanley met Emin Pasha in Old Kavallison, Congo.

41. In 1892, Charlie Reilly became baseball's first pinch - hitter.

42. In 1894, the 500 - strong Commonwealth of Christ (Coxey's Army) arrived in Washington, D.C. to protest against unemployment.

43. In 1901, the 27th Kentucky Derby was held. Jimmy Winkfield on his Eminence won in 2:07.75.

44. In 1901, an antisemitic riot broke out in Budapest.

45. In 1902, the US Congress extended the Chinese Exclusion Act, prohibiting the immigration of Chinese laborers from territories to the mainland.

46. In 1903, a limestone slide at Turtle Mountain in Canada killed 70 - 90 residents.

47. In 1916, the Easter Rising in Ireland officially ended. Martial law was lifted.

48. In 1945, the Dachau concentration camp was liberated by US forces.

49. In 1945, Adolf Hitler married Eva Braun in a Berlin bunker and designated Admiral Karl Dönitz as his successor.

50. In 1946, the International Military Tribunal for the Far East convened and indicted former Japanese leaders for war crimes.