1. In 419, Etalius ends his reign as Catholic Pope.

2. In 1043, Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England.

3. In 1077, the first parliament of Friuli is created.

4. In 1312, the Knights Templars are suppressed at the 2nd Council of Vienna.

5. In 1367, at the Battle of Navarrete, an alliance of King Peter of Castile, England, Aquitaine, Majorca, and Navarra defeats Count Henry of Castile.

6. In 1559, France and Spain sign the Treaty of Cateau - Cambresis, ending the Italian Wars.

7. In 1582, Francis of Valois, Duke of Anjou, is honored as Duke of Gelre and Earl of Zutphen.

8. In 1645, the English Long Parliament passes the Self - Denying Ordinance, a significant step toward the New Model Army.

9. In 1783, Washington Irving, the "Father of American Literature", was born.

10. In 1847, British Minister John Francis Davis demanded entry into Guangzhou from Qi Ying, the Viceroy of Liangguang, and led a warship into the provincial river. The people of Guangzhou fought back and won, forcing the British to abandon their attempt to enter the city for the second time.

11. In 1860, the Pony Express made its debut.

12. In 1865, during the American Civil War, the Union Army captures Richmond, the capital of the Confederate States of America.

13. In 1880, Austrian philosopher Otto Weininger was born.

14. In 1897, German composer Johannes Brahms passed away.

15. In 1898, Henry Luce, the founder of Time magazine in the United States, was born.

16. In 1905, revolutionary Zou Rong passed away.

17. In 1913, British feminist Emmeline Pankhurst is sentenced to prison.

18. In 1916, Chen Fangyun, a "Two Bombs and One Satellite" meritorious scientist, was born.

19. In 1922, Stalin officially became the first General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

20. In 1924, American actor Marlon Brando was born.

21. In 1930, Haile Selassie I is crowned Emperor of Ethiopia.

22. In 1932, American professor C. C. King isolates vitamin C.

23. In 1933, two British bi - planes make the first successful flight over Mount Everest.

24. In 1934, British ethologist Jane Goodall was born.

25. In 1937, the Kuomintang authorities filed a public prosecution against the seven leaders of the Patriotic Association, namely Shen Junru, Zou Taofen, Li Gongpu, Zhang Naiqi, Wang Zaoshi, Shi Liang, and Sha Qianli, fabricating a flawed indictment.

26. In 1939, Hitler orders the development of "Case White".

27. In 1941, Hungarian and Nazi German troops enter Yugoslavia.

28. In 1942, the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China makes the "Decision on Discussing the Central Committee's Decisions and Comrade Mao Zedong's Reports on Rectifying the Three Styles of Work in Yan'an".

29. In 1943, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issues the "Decision on Continuing to Carry Out the Rectification Movement".

30. In 1946, Japanese Lieutenant General Homma Masaharu was executed by MacArthur on the outskirts of Manila on charges of war crimes.

31. In 1946, the Allied Control Council for Japan is established.

32. In 1948, the implementation of the Marshall Plan was approved. US President Harry S. Truman signed into law George C. Marshall's post - World War II plan to revive the economies of Western and Southern European countries to foster democracy in the region.

33. In 1948, the Jeju 4.3 Incident began in South Korea. The Jeju Island guerrillas of the South Korean Workers' Party launched an armed uprising.

34. In 1949, Fazlur R. Khan, an American engineer, was born.

35. In 1949, the All - China Democratic Women's Federation was founded.

36. In 1951, the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Opera was established in Beijing.

37. In 1953, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China compiled the book "Guide to Current Rural Work".

38. In 1963, China shot down a US unmanned high - altitude reconnaissance aircraft.

39. In 1965, Chinese - born actress and painter Lu Xiaoman passed away.

40. In 1968, the Konguercaldes Bridge connecting Brazil and Uruguay is completed.

41. In 1971, the tokusatsu show "Kamen Rider" based on the original work of Japanese manga artist Shotaro Ishinomori premieres on TV Asahi.

42. In 1973, the world's first mobile phone was born.

43. In 1974, a tornado hit 13 states in the United States and Ontario, Canada, killing 318 people, injuring 5,477, and destroying 2,069 houses.

44. In 1987, the first case of AIDS was introduced into China.

45. In 1988, the National People's Congress passed the Law on Industrial Enterprises Owned by the Whole People.

46. In 1989, the World Basketball Championships opened to professional players.

47. In 1991, Lebanese President Elias Hrawi announced the end of the 16 - year - long Lebanese civil war.

48. In 1992, the National People's Congress approved the Three Gorges Project.

49. In 1997, Japan passed the amendment to the "Special Measures Law for U.S. Military Facilities in Japan".

50. In 2007, a French high - speed train reached a speed of 574.8 km/h in a test run, setting a world record for rail - bound trains.