1. In 1079, Omar ibn Ibrahim al-Chajjam completed the Jalali calendar.

2. In 1323, the Treaty of Paris was signed, and the Flemish relinquished their claims over the County of Zeeland.

3. In 1447, Tommaso Parent Ucelli succeeded Pope Eugene IV as Nicolas V.

4. In 1454, during the Thirteen Years' War, delegates of the Prussian Confederation pledged allegiance to Casimir IV of Poland, and the Polish king agreed to help in their struggle for independence from the Teutonic Knights.

5. In 1475, Michelangelo, the Italian Renaissance artist, was born in the Republic of Florence.

6. In 1479, the Treaty of Alcáçovas was signed. Portugal gave the Canary Islands to Castile in exchange for claims in West Africa.

7. In 1521, Ferdinand Magellan discovered Guam.

8. In 1579, Veluwe joined the Union of Utrecht.

9. In 1590, a Dutch and English army led by Maurice of Nassau captured the heavily protected city of Breda using a small assault force hidden in a peat barge.

10. In 1619, French satirist and dramatist Savinien Cyrano de Bergerac was born in Paris.

11. In 1646, Joseph Jenkes received the first patent in North America for making scythes from the General Court of Massachusetts.

12. In 1665, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society started publishing.

13. In 1714, the Treaty of Rastatt was signed by Austria and France, ending hostilities between them during the War of the Spanish Succession.

14. In 1728, Spain and Britain signed the First Convention of Pardo.

15. In 1775, the first negro mason in North America was initiated in Boston.

16. In 1788, the British First Fleet arrived at the Australian territory of Norfolk Island to found a convict settlement.

17. In 1810, Illinois passed the first state vaccination legislation in the US.

18. In 1816, Jews were expelled from the Free City of Lübeck, Germany.

19. In 1820, US President James Monroe signed the Missouri Compromise, which allowed Missouri to be admitted to the Union as the 24th state in 1821.

20. In 1829, President Andrew Jackson nominated John McLean to become an associate justice of the US Supreme Court.

21. In 1831, Edgar Allan Poe was court-martialed and dismissed from West Point Military Academy for gross neglect of duty and disobedience of orders.

22. In 1834, Toronto was incorporated with William Lyon Mackenzie as its first mayor.

23. In 1835, volume one of Thomas Carlyle's famous work The French Revolution: A History was accidentally burnt by a maid using it as a fire starter before its publication, and Carlyle re-wrote it.

24. In 1836, the Battle of the Alamo ended. After 13 days of fighting, 1,500 - 3,000 Mexican soldiers overwhelmed the Texan defenders, killing 182 - 257 Texans.

25. In 1838, Franz Grillparzer's Woe to Him Who Lies premiered in Vienna.

26. In 1853, Giuseppe Verdi's opera La Traviata premiered at La Fenice Opera House in Venice.

27. In 1855, Gustave Flaubert wrote goodbye to the poet Louise Colet.

28. In 1857, the Dred Scott decision was announced. The US Supreme Court ruled that Africans could not be US citizens.

29. In 1861, the Provisional Confederate Congress established the Confederate Army.

30. In 1862, the Battle of Pea Ridge in Arkansas (Elkhorn Tavern) took place.

31. In 1865, the Battle of Natural Bridge in Florida occurred.

32. In 1865, US President Abraham Lincoln's second inaugural ball was held.

33. In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev presented the first periodic table of the elements to the Russian Chemical Society.

34. In 1882, Monarch Milan Obrenovic of Serbia crowned himself king.

35. In 1886, the first US alternating current power plant started in Great Barrington, Massachusetts.

36. In 1886, the first US nurses' magazine, The Nightingale, first appeared in New York City.

37. In 1896, the first auto in Detroit was ridden by Charles B. King.

38. In 1898, the Qing government and Germany signed the Treaty of Jiao'ao Concession.

39. In 1899, the German company Bayer trademarked the name "Aspirin".

40. In 1900, after a meeting in Indianapolis, USA, a group formed the Social Democratic Party and nominated Eugene Debs as its candidate for president in the forthcoming election.

41. In 1901, an assassin attempted to kill Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany in Bremen.

42. In 1902, Real Madrid Club was founded.

43. In 1904, the Japanese fleet bombarded Vladivostok, the major Russian port on the Pacific.

44. In 1906, a heavy storm burst a dike, flooding Vlissingen, Netherlands.

45. In 1906, Nora Blatch became the first woman elected to the American Society of Civil Engineers.

46. In 1909, Gerhart Hauptmann's play Griselda premiered in Vienna.

47. In 1915, Greek King Constantine I fired Premier Venizelos.

48. In 1924, the Egyptian government opened the mummy case of King Tutankhamen.

49. In 1933, FDR declared a nationwide bank holiday.

50. In 1945, the Battle of Lake Balaton in World War II broke out.